Diamonds
Facts, Information and Description
Diamond is the birthstone for the month of April. Besides being the most popular gemstone for engagement rings, diamond is the accepted anniversary gem for the 10th and 60th years of marriage.
The word Diamond comes from the Greek "adamas" meaning unconquerable. They have been mined for more than 4,000 years; ancient Romans to modern-day Indians have believed in their magic throughout the ages. Roman soldiers and medieval knights wore diamonds in battle for protection and to ensure victory.
Although diamonds are associated with being a colorless stone, they are occasionally found with a strong, bright color-green, red, pink, blue, canary yellow and amber. These "fancy" colored diamonds are highly-prized.
Occasionally, to improve appearance, diamonds are laser-drilled and, sometimes, a foreign substance is used to fill surface cavities or fractures. Diamonds may also be irradiated and/or heated to induce "fancy" colors.
Even though it is the most durable of gemstones, care should be taken to protect a diamond from sharp blows. Household chemicals may discolor or damage the mounting. To clean, you may use lukewarm soapy water and a small bristle brush.
Folklore, Legend and Healing Properties
The ancient folk of India and those of medieval Italy believed diamonds were thunderbolts that became lodged into the earth. Only a thunderbolt could cut into glass and other metals, thus the diamond became the Queen of the gems.
Because a diamond is so durable, it has come to symbolize everlasting love and a lifetime of commitment. The tradition of giving a diamond engagement ring is traced back to 1477, when Archduke Maximilian of Austria presented Mary of Burgundy with a simple gold band set with a diamond representing pure, fiery beauty. He placed it on the third finger of her left hand, believing it contained a vein that coursed directly to his beloved's heart. Over time, this royal tradition gained popularity around the world. Today, according to a recent De Beers' survey, four out of five brides receive a diamond engagement ring.
Centuries ago, it was believed that diamonds protected an individual from harm and actually brought luck and success to the wearer, counteracting the effects of unfortunate astrological events and endowing the wearer with charm and the ability to attract others. The Greek philosopher, Plato wrote about diamonds as living beings, embodying celestial spirits.
In the 16th century, it was believed that diamond was a poison, and that diamond powder was an ingredient in the famous "succession powders" of Catherine of Medici. This legend was kept alive to discourage thieves from swallowing diamonds to hide them.
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